curl-cffivstreq
Curl-cffi is a Python library for implementing curl-impersonate which is a
HTTP client that appears as one of popular web browsers like:
- Google Chrome
- Microsoft Edge
- Safari
- Firefox
Unlike requests and httpx which are native Python libraries, curl-cffi uses cURL and inherits it's powerful features
like extensive HTTP protocol support and detection patches for TLS and HTTP fingerprinting.
Using curl-cffi web scrapers can bypass TLS and HTTP fingerprinting.
treq is a Python library for making HTTP requests that provides a simple, convenient API for interacting with web services. It is inspired byt the popular requests library, but powered by Twisted asynchronous engine which allows promise based concurrency.
treq provides a simple, high-level API for making HTTP requests, including methods for GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc. It also allows for easy handling of JSON data, automatic decompression of gzipped responses, and connection pooling.
treq is a lightweight library and it's easy to use, it's a good choice for small to medium-sized projects where ease of use is more important than performance.
In web scraping treq isn't commonly used as it doesn't support HTTP2 but it's the only Twisted based HTTP client. treq is also based on callback/errback promises (like Scrapy) which can be easier to understand and maintain compared to asyncio's corountines.
Highlights
Example Use
from curl_cffi import requests
response = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/json')
print(response.json())
# or using sessions
session = requests.Session()
response = session.get('https://httpbin.org/json')
# also supports async requests using asyncio
import asyncio
from curl_cffi.requests import AsyncSession
urls = [
"http://httpbin.org/html",
"http://httpbin.org/html",
"http://httpbin.org/html",
]
async with AsyncSession() as s:
tasks = []
for url in urls:
task = s.get(url)
tasks.append(task)
# scrape concurrently:
responses = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
# also supports websocket connections
from curl_cffi.requests import Session, WebSocket
def on_message(ws: WebSocket, message):
print(message)
with Session() as s:
ws = s.ws_connect(
"wss://api.gemini.com/v1/marketdata/BTCUSD",
on_message=on_message,
)
ws.run_forever()
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.internet.task import react
from twisted.internet.defer import ensureDeferred
import treq
# treq can be used with twisted's reactor with callbacks
response_deferred = treq.get(
"http://httpbin.org/get"
)
# or POST
response_deferred = treq.post(
"http://httpbin.org/post",
json={"key": "value"}, # JSON
data={"key": "value"}, # Form Data
)
# add callback or errback
def handle_response(response):
print(response.code)
response.text().addCallback(lambda body: print(body))
def handle_error(failure):
print(failure)
# this callback will be called when request completes:
response_deferred.addCallback(handle_response)
# this errback will be called if request fails
response_deferred.addErrback(handle_error)
# this will be called if request completes or fails:
response_deferred.addBoth(lambda _: reactor.stop()) # close twisted once finished
if __name__ == '__main__':
reactor.run()
#Note that treq can also be used with async/await:
async def main():
# content reads response data and get sends a get request:
print(await treq.content(await treq.get("https://example.com/")))
if __name__ == '__main__':
react(lambda reactor: ensureDeferred(main()))